Means diabetics have problems with insulin, a hormone that is important in the metabolism of sugar.
Sugar Metabolism: From Food to Fuel
After the meal, digestive enzymes break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates into amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars.
This simple nutrients will be absorbed into the blood to be used as energy when the body needs it.
Being the most important source of fuel is a simple sugar called glucose, also known as blood sugar.
Blood sugar will rise after you eat. Blood sugar then flows along the blood to be used by cells throughout the body.
Pancreas glands will release a hormone that controls the circulation of this energy.
One of the most important hormones to help the body use blood sugar and prevent the buildup of blood sugar in the bloodstream is insulin.
Insulin "opens" the body's cells so that blood sugar can enter cells and then converted into energy.
How Diabetes Affect Sugar Metabolism
If a person has diabetes, the body means having a problem in producing insulin, insulin response, or both.
When insulin is not working properly, blood sugar levels will rise which can eventually escape from the process in the kidney that was carried into the urine.
This can lead to the emergence of symptoms of diabetes such as frequent urination and weight loss because the body can not use the energy from food.
If left untreated, diabetes can cause blood sugar levels to be very high, which can lead to serious health conditions, such as diabetic coma or even death.
In type 1 diabetes, the immune system makes antibodies that mistakenly attack the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, thereby producing little or no insulin at all.
People with type 1 diabetes must receive insulin injections every day for the body to process blood sugar.
In the type-2 diabetes, the pancreas usually produces insulin levels are adequate, but for some reason, the body has trouble responding to insulin.
This causes an increase in blood sugar levels despite insulin levels actually sufficient.
After some time, the pancreas can not keep increasing the need for insulin, high blood sugar levels, and type 2 diabetes may occur.
Type 2 diabetes can usually be managed with dietary changes, regular exercise, and oral medications. However, insulin injections are sometimes necessary to control blood sugar levels.
In another condition known as pre diabetes, blood glucose levels recorded high, but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.
Most patients with pre diabetes who can not lose 5-7% of their body weight, tend to develop type 2 diabetes over the next 5-10 years.
